Sun, Dec 22, 2024
[Archive]
Volume 15, Issue 4 (10-2023)
itrc 2023, 15(4): 9-14 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Bahri R, Skandari A, Maddah hosseini S H, Arezoomand M. Design and Calibration of E-Field Probe for Multi Cellular Technology Frequency Bands (2G, 3G,4G). itrc 2023; 15 (4) : 14
URL: http://journal.itrc.ac.ir/article-1-553-en.html
URL: http://journal.itrc.ac.ir/article-1-553-en.html
1- Iran Telecommunication Research Center (ITRC), Tehran, Iran , reza.bahri@itrc.ac.ir
2- East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3- Iran Telecommunication Research Center (ITRC), Tehran, Iran
2- East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3- Iran Telecommunication Research Center (ITRC), Tehran, Iran
Abstract: (1661 Views)
In this paper, a probe for measuring radio-frequency electric fields in the environment is designed and presented. These electric fields consist of multi cellular technology (2G, 3G and 4G), including four bands: GSM900, GSM1800, 3G2100 and LTE2600. This device, called the MCT electric probe, is realized by three orthogonal antennas, in connection to frequency multiplexer circuits and detectors. The proposed antenna is a 3-D multi-branch monopole antenna, and these orthogonal antennas can receive the electric fields in all directions uniformly and isotopically. The proposed multiplexer can separate the received signals into four narrowband and has the ability to remove out-of-band signals. The detector is able to convert the fields received from the antenna and multiplexer sections to suitable DC voltages for amplifying and digital processing. Finally, the designed MCT electric probe is fabricated and tested. The measurements confirm the proper operation of the probe in terms of dynamic range, accuracy, sensitivity, and the linearity and isotropicity of the received electric fields.
Article number: 14
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Communication Technology
References
1. [1] Shan Xue, Shaodong Yang, Weiheng Shao, Xinxin Tian, Duolong Wu, "Electric Field Probe De-Embedding Calibration Based on Through and Line Standards", IEEE Sensors Journal,vol.23, no.7, pp.6999-7007, 2023. [DOI:10.1109/JSEN.2023.3248863]
2. [2] Y. Xiong, X. Yang, S. Wan and Y. Zhou, "Discussion on Computing Isotropy of E-field Probe," 2022 Asia-Pacific International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (APEMC), Beijing, China, 2022, pp. 318-320, doi:10.1109/APEMC53576.2022.9888413. [DOI:10.1109/APEMC53576.2022.9888413]
3. [3] Z. Mao, C. Zhang, Z. Wang, L. Duan, J. Gu and W. Tang, "A Broad-Band PCB Isotropic Electric-Field Probe with Resistance Loaded Dipoles," 2022 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements and Applications (CAMA),Guangzhou, China, 2022, pp. 1-3, doi:10.1109/CAMA56352.2022.10002567. [DOI:10.1109/CAMA56352.2022.10002567]
4. [4] S. i. Kwak, B. C. Kim, and H. D. Choi, "Analysis of isotropic deviation of the electric-fields probe in the personal exposure measurement meter," ICTC 2012, 235-237, Oct. 2012. [DOI:10.1109/ICTC.2012.6386826]
5. [5] S. i. Kwak, J. H. Kwon and Y. J. Yoon, "Experimental Results of an E-Field Probe Using Variable Resistors to Improve Performance," in IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 15, pp. 1369-1372, 2016. [DOI:10.1109/LAWP.2015.2510009]
6. [6] S. I. Kwak, J. H. Kwon and Y. J. Yoon, "Design of the E-field probe for mobile communication bands in the personal exposure meter," The 18th IEEE International Symposium on Consumer Electronics (ISCE 2014), Jeju, Korea (South), 2014,pp. 1-2. [DOI:10.1109/ISCE.2014.6884388]
7. [7] S. I. Kwak, J. H. Kwon and Y. J. Yoon, "Design of the E-field probe with variable resistors," 2014 International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation Conference Proceedings,Kaohsiung, Taiwan, 2014, pp. 353-354. [DOI:10.1109/ISANP.2014.7026676] [PMID] []
8. [8] S. I. Kwak, B. C. Kim, H. D. Choi, and Y.J. Yoon, "Design of the electric-fields probe in the personal exposure meter," PIERS Proceedings, Stockholm, Sweden, Aug. 12-15, 2013.
9. [9] M. Kanda, "Standard probes for electromagnetic field measurements," in IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 41, no. 10, pp. 1349-1364, Oct. 1993. [DOI:10.1109/8.247775]
10. [10] J. Qin, Q. Zhu, W. Zhou, L. Xue and X. Feng, "Uncertainty Evaluation and Calibrationof Electric Field Probe Under GTEM Cell," 2019 International Conference on Robots &Intelligent System (ICRIS), 2019, pp. 474-478. [DOI:10.1109/ICRIS.2019.00124]
11. [11] Guo Hongfu, Fu Mi and Tang Jinfeng, "Analysis of UWB electric-field probe with different materials," Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Antennas, Propagation and EM Theory, 2010, pp. 1147-1150. [DOI:10.1109/ISAPE.2010.5696681]
12. [12] A. Sarolic and B. Modlic, "Measurement of Electric Field Probe Response to Modulated Signals Using Waveguide Setup," in IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters,vol. 9, pp. 1041-1044, 2010 . [DOI:10.1109/LAWP.2010.2089777]
13. [13] M. Arrawatia, M. S. Baghini and G. Kumar, "Broadband omnidirectional antenna for GSM900, GSM1800, 3G, 4G and Wi-Fi applications," 2017 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation & USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting, San Diego, CA, USA, 2017, pp. 329-330. [DOI:10.1109/APUSNCURSINRSM.2017.8072207]
14. [14] R.A. Sadeghzadeh, M.A. Honarvar, A.R. Eskandari, "Coplanar-fed UWB elliptical patch antenna with notched band characteristics," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium Proceedings, Xi'an, China, March 22-26, 2010.
15. [15] S. I. Al-Mously and M. M. Abousetta, "A Novel MultiWideband Antenna Using a 3-D Multi-Branch Monopole Structure for GSM-Family and Other Cellular Applications," 2007 8th International Conference on Telecommunications in Modern Satellite, Cable and Broadcasting Services, 2007, pp.577-580 [DOI:10.1109/TELSKS.2007.4376078]
16. [16] L. Zhao, Z. Chen and J. Wang, "A Wideband Dual-Polarized Omnidirectional Antenna for 5G/WLAN," in IEEE Access,vol. 7, pp. 14266-14272, 2019. [DOI:10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2893941]
17. [17] J. Xie, Y. Gao and C. Y. Xia, "A design of three-band monopole antenna applied to 4G/5G," 2020 International Conference on Computer Communication and Network Security (CCNS), Xi'an, China, 2020, pp. 99-103. [DOI:10.1109/CCNS50731.2020.00029]
18. [18] W. Tu and K. Hsu, "Design of Sext-Band Bandpass Filter and Sextaplexer Using Semilumped Resonators for System in a Package," in IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging and Manufacturing Technology, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 265-273, Feb.2015. [DOI:10.1109/TCPMT.2014.2387198]
19. [19] J. Z. Chen, N. Wang, K. Deng, and S. Yang, "Design of Compact Quadruplexer Based on Defected Stepped Impedance Resonators", Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 119, pp. 19-33, 2011. [DOI:10.2528/PIER11061301]
20. [20] S. Zeng, J. Wu and W. Tu, "Compact and High-Isolation Quadruplexer Using Distributed Coupling Technique," in IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, vol. 21,no. 4, pp. 197-199, April 2011.Volume 15- Number 4 - 2023 (8 -14) 13 [DOI:10.1109/LMWC.2011.2109702]
21. [21] S. Lo, K. Hsu and W. Tu, "Compact and high-isolation microstrip quadruplexer," 2013 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference Proceedings (APMC), 2013, pp. 966-968. [DOI:10.1109/APMC.2013.6694991]
22. [22] Hong-Wei Deng, Yong-Jiu Zhao, Yong Fu, Ji Ding, and XiaoJun Zhou, "Compact and High Isolation Microstrip Diplexer for Broadband and WLAN Application", Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 133, pp. 555-570, 2013. [DOI:10.2528/PIER12092303]
23. [23] https://cdn.macom.com/datasheets/MA4E2054%20Series.pdf.
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 | This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
